Imiterere yinganda zumuringa mubushinwa

Imiterere itandukanye ikozwe mu muringa usukuye cyangwa umuringa, harimo inkoni, insinga, amasahani, imirongo, imirongo, imiyoboro, ifiriti, nibindi, byose hamwe byitwa ibikoresho byumuringa.Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho byumuringa birimo kuzunguruka, gukuramo no gushushanya.Uburyo bwo gutunganya amasahani nimirongo mubikoresho byumuringa birashyushye kandi bikonje;mugihe imirongo hamwe na file bitunganywa no gukonjesha;Imiyoboro n'utubari bigabanijwemo ibicuruzwa bisohoka kandi bishushanyije;insinga zishushanyije.Ibikoresho by'umuringa birashobora kugabanywamo amasahani y'umuringa, inkoni z'umuringa, imiyoboro y'umuringa, imirongo y'umuringa, insinga z'umuringa, n'utubari tw'umuringa.

1. Isesengura ry'inganda

1).Urunigi rw'inganda
Hejuru yinganda zumuringa ahanini ni ubucukuzi, gutoranya no gushonga ubutare bwumuringa;hagati ni umusaruro no gutanga umuringa;kumanuka ukoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo murugo, ubwikorezi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nizindi nganda.

2).Isesengura ryo hejuru
Umuringa wa electrolytike ni imwe mu nkomoko y’ibikoresho fatizo by’inganda z’umuringa w’Ubushinwa.Hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu rwego rwa siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa, ikoranabuhanga ry’umuringa wa electrolytike ryarushijeho gukura, kandi umusaruro w’umuringa wa electrolytike nawo wariyongereye cyane, utanga inkunga ihamye y’ibikoresho bigamije iterambere ry’inganda z’umuringa.

3).Isesengura ryo hasi
Inganda z'amashanyarazi ni kamwe mu turere dukeneye ibikoresho by'umuringa.Ibikoresho by'umuringa bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora transformateur, insinga, n'insinga zo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu nganda z'amashanyarazi.Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa rikomeje kwiyongera, ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi muri sosiyete yose riragenda ryiyongera, kandi n’ibikoresho bikenerwa n’amashanyarazi nk’insinga n’insinga nabyo biriyongera.Ubwiyongere bw'ibisabwa bwateje imbere iterambere ry'inganda z'umuringa mu Bushinwa.

2. Inganda

1).Ibisohoka
Nyuma yimyaka yiterambere, inganda zumuringa mubushinwa zimaze gukura buhoro buhoro, kandi inganda zagiye buhoro buhoro.Mu gihe cyo kuva mu mwaka wa 2016 kugeza 2018, kubera ihinduka ry’inganda z’inganda z’umuringa w’Ubushinwa ndetse n’iterambere rikomeje gukorwa ry’ubushobozi buke, umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa by’umuringa mu Bushinwa wagabanutse buhoro buhoro.Mu gihe ihinduka ry’imiterere y’inganda ryegereje, hamwe no gushimangira isoko, umusaruro w’umuringa w’Ubushinwa uziyongera cyane muri 2019-2021, ariko ubunini muri rusange ntabwo ari bunini.
Urebye uko umusaruro ugenda ugabanuka, umusaruro w’umuringa w’Ubushinwa mu 2020 uzaba toni miliyoni 20.455, muri zo umusaruro w’inkoni w’insinga ukaba ufite umubare munini, ugera kuri 47.9%, ugakurikirwa n’imiyoboro y'umuringa n'inkoni z'umuringa, bingana na 10.2% na 9.8% by'ibisohoka.

2).Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga
Ku bijyanye n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, mu 2021, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikozwe mu muringa n’umuringa mu Bushinwa bizaba toni 932.000, umwaka ushize byiyongera 25.3%;agaciro ko kohereza mu mahanga kazaba miliyari 9.36 z'amadolari ya Amerika, umwaka ku mwaka kwiyongera 72.1%.